Handwriting is an integral part for school-going children as it allows them to communicate their thoughts & ideas within a reasonable time, through a readable product. Handwriting is complex activity involving mind & motor coordination. Although skills of handwriting are required for 30% to 60% of an average child’s school day, 10% to 30% of children have handwriting difficulties.
The three identified deficiencies in any handwriting are legibility, performance time, and physical and emotional well-being.
An important question to be answered is, why such high percentage of children have difficulty in writing?
Handwriting difficulty, or Dysgraphia, as defined by Hamstra-Bletz and Blote (1993) is a disturbance or difficulty in the production of written language related to the mechanics of handwriting.
Clinicians say Dysgraphia is a neurological disorder that generally appears when children are first learning to write. But they also firmly believe early treatment can help prevent or reduce many problems. This can be done by training muscles to remember the shapes of letters and numbers through regular guidance & specially designed method of practice.
Legibility and slow writing speed are most commonly manifested problems with Dysgraphia. It is seen that such children require more time to fulfill handwriting assignments in class. Moreover, studies on such children’s handwriting process indicated that they had less mature movements, with performance was in space and time, and they required more in-air time (between letters and words) than typically developing writers.
Two main outcomes used to assess and define poor handwriting are product legibility and performance time. In addition to legibility and timing deficits, it has also been observed that children with Dysgraphia erase more, complain about fatigue or hand pain, and are unwilling to write and do their homework. All of these may be considered to represent a category of physical as well as emotional well-being.
A child who is struggling with handwriting will find it difficult to keep pace with class assignments or to satisfy parents’ expectations. Indeed, handwriting difficulties influence children’s academic achievements for two main reasons:
1. First, the difficulty in mastery of the mechanical aspects of handwriting, which is transcription ability, may
interfere with higher-order processes required for the composition of text and, hence, influence the quality and
quantity of the written product.
2. Second, teachers tend to give higher marks for neatly written papers than for those in which legibility is poor,
affecting the overall grades of the child.
Some children who have difficulty mastering handwriting skills may respond by simply giving up, having developed a
mindset that they cannot write or compose text.
It thus appears that poor ability to write may influence perceptions of the parents, teachers & peers about child’s overall competence as a student.
In the schools, students get greatly affected by information from others and this can influence their sense of self-efficacy & competence. Given that writing plays a major role in this context, the negative cycle of handwriting difficulties and low perceived self-confidence among children with Dysgraphia may be perpetuated in relation to their writing abilities as well as other academic abilities.
Based on our observations we can say when it comes to training the children with Dysgraphia to write legibly, it is important to have patience and should always use only positive sentences. What you need to do is:
1. Analyze his handwriting; identify the flaws in formations of fonts.
2. Do not give vague advises like write neatly, write nicely etc., rather tell him how to write & how to correct the above problems.
3. Pick up one problem at one time. Move to the next only after he has overcome the first problem.
Through this article we do not intend to raise another problem for the parents or teachers, but certainly want to make a point that the teachers & parents should start empathizing with children having the problem of Dysgraphia.